C110 Copper
C110 (ETP copper) is electrolytic tough-pitch copper, essentially pure, prized for the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any common engineering metal (391 W/m·K thermal here). It's soft (40 HB), highly ductile (45% elongation), and low-strength (220 MPa). You specify it for conductivity, not mechanical performance.
How C110 Copper machines
Rated 3/5, but the number understates the pain. Pure copper is gummy and ductile, so it smears, forms built-up edge, and produces long stringy chips that wrap the tool. Use very sharp, high-positive-rake tools, high speeds, light-to-moderate feeds, and good lubrication. It machines nothing like free-cutting brass; for volume turning, prefer C145 tellurium copper.
Manufacturing & processing
CNC machining is listed, but C110 also excels at cold forming, stamping, and drawing thanks to its ductility. Excellent for soldering and brazing; it's the standard for electrical joints. The 'tough-pitch' oxygen content makes it prone to hydrogen embrittlement if brazed or welded in reducing atmospheres, choose oxygen-free C101/C102 for those. Solderable and platable.
Typical applications
Electrical bus bars, terminals, connectors, and grounding hardware; windings and high-conductivity contacts; heat sinks, heat exchangers, and thermal-management parts; RF and grounding components. Chosen wherever moving current or heat efficiently is the design goal and strength is secondary.
When to choose it
Choose C110 when maximum electrical or thermal conductivity is the requirement and the part isn't heavily loaded. If you must machine many parts, C145 tellurium copper conducts nearly as well but cuts far better. If you need strength with some conductivity, consider beryllium or phosphor bronze.
Suitable surface finishes
Common finishes for C110 Copper: nickel plating, chrome plating, electropolishing, brushed. Use the finish selector →
FAQ
Why is pure copper hard to machine despite a 3/5 rating?
What makes C110 the choice for electrical parts?
Can I weld or braze C110?
Property values are typical/nominal for early guidance and vary by temper, grade, supplier and heat treatment. Confirm critical specs against a certified datasheet or with an mfgiq engineer.